Streptococcus Constellatus ssp pharingi belongs to the group of Streptococcus Anginosus, it constitutes normal flora of th respiratory, gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts, it infrequently produces localized or disseminated infections in patients with risk factors. The case of a 41-year-old male patient is reported, with a history of pituitary macroadenoma resection in 2003, undergoing treatment, who consulted the emergency department for 4 days with intense holocranial headache, fever, emesis, associated with temporospatial disorientation and weakness in lower limbs in the last 24 hours. He required management in the intensive care unit, mechanical ventilation, vasopressor support, and tracheostomy, due to respiratory and hemodynamic deterioration. In extension studies, meningitis due to Streptococcus Constellatus ssp pharingi was documented in the presence of sinusitis, cerebrospinal fluid fistula and multi-infarct cerebral vascular compromise, product of vasculitis of infectious origin, a severe manifestation of
bacterial meningitis, not previously reported by this microorganism.
Central nervous system
Accidente cerebrovascular en un paciente con meningitis por Streptococcus Constellatus. Stroke in a patient with Streptococcus Constellatus meningitis.
Tuberculosis Meníngea en un Paciente Pediátrico: Reporte de un Caso Clínico. Meningeal Tuberculosis In A Pediatric Patient: A Case Report
Tuberculosis is a global public health problem. In pediatric ages it represents between 3% and 40% of the total disea- se. In countries with high incidence, such as Ecuador, the presence of cases of childhood tuberculosis always indicates the circulation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis or contact with an untreated patient or undiagnosed. In our country there is a high percentage of underdiagnosis of childhood tuberculosis and a lower burden than expected, mainly in children under 5 years of age. Meningeal tuberculosis is the most serious form of presentation of infection by M. tuberculosis in pediatric age since it causes many deaths and disability. The diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis is achieved considering epidemiological criteria, laboratory studies in blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and neuroimaging. Early treatment improves the prognosis, but the problem lies in making an early diagnosis, since it has different forms of clinical presentation ranging from nonspecific symptoms to severe neurological involvement.
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Las Aquaporinas y el Sistema Nervioso Central. Aquaporins and Central Nervous System.
The discovery of aquaporins, which constitute a family of integral membrane proteins, has meant a change with respect to the understanding of water transport in biological membranes. The most important is aquaporin 4 (AQP4) which we will focus on below, although there are two other aquaporins, 1 and 9. These aquaporins are of great importance in the physiology of cell volume control and osmotic control mechanisms of the cells. Also in the control of the flow of glycerol and other solutes. In addition, alterations in its functioning have been related to various diseases of the central nervous system such as neuromyelitis optics, cerebral edema, idiopathic intracranial hypertension or chronic hydrocephalus of the adult among others. A review is made on this topic.
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Presentación de Mieloma Múltiple en Sistema Nervioso Central. Multiple Myeloma Presentation In Central Nervous System.
Multiple myeloma is a monoclonal gammopathy with proliferation of plasma cells. Its form of presentation is hypercalcemia, osteolytic lesions, anemia and renal failure. The involvement of the central nervous system is rare. It occurs approximately in 1% of patients, whose diagnosis is made through the study of cerebrospinal fluid, with the presence of plasma cells. There is no specific treatment due to the low incidence. But there have been good results with intrathecal treatment.
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Tumores de Sistema Nervioso Central en Pediatría: Presente y Futuro del Abordaje Diagnóstico. Central Nervous System Tumors In Pediatrics: Present And Future Of Diagnostic Approach.
Introduction: Central nervous system tumors are neoplasms with high frequency during childhood, with an incidence of 31,2 cases per million children, the most common being astrocytoma. These are the product of a combination of genetic and epigenetic factors that determine not only their appearance, but also their behavior and prognosis. The clinical presentation of these neoplasms ranges from the sudden and clear, to the gradual and ambiguous, which represents a barrier to carrying out an adequate approach and an early diagnosis. That is the reason to destinate many resources for evaluation and standarization of new diagnostic methods like tumor markers. Objective: To provide a clear review of central nervous system tumors and new perspectives in diagnosis. Methods: A search of the literature was carried out in databases using the descriptors central nervous system, neoplasms, astrocytoma. 25 articles were included in spanish and english. Conclusion: Central nervous system tumors have a significant relevance in the pediatric population. Their behavior and prognosis necessitate searching for new aids for an early diagnosis.
