Publicación Oficial de la Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Neurología, de la Liga Ecuatoriana Contra la Epilepsia y de la Sociedad Iberoamericana de Enfermedad Cerebrovascular

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Tumores de Sistema Nervioso Central en Pediatría: Presente y Futuro del Abordaje Diagnóstico. Central Nervous System Tumors In Pediatrics: Present And Future Of Diagnostic Approach.

Introduction: Central nervous system tumors are neoplasms with high frequency during childhood, with an incidence of 31,2 cases per million children, the most common being astrocytoma. These are the product of a combination of genetic and epigenetic factors that determine not only their appearance, but also their behavior and prognosis. The clinical presentation of these neoplasms ranges from the sudden and clear, to the gradual and ambiguous, which represents a barrier to carrying out an adequate approach and an early diagnosis. That is the reason to destinate many resources for evaluation and standarization of new diagnostic methods like tumor markers. Objective: To provide a clear review of central nervous system tumors and new perspectives in diagnosis. Methods: A search of the literature was carried out in databases using the descriptors central nervous system, neoplasms, astrocytoma. 25 articles were included in spanish and english. Conclusion: Central nervous system tumors have a significant relevance in the pediatric population. Their behavior and prognosis necessitate searching for new aids for an early diagnosis.

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Gliomas en pediatría. Análisis anatomopatológico de 233 casos.

The purpose of this paper was to analyze the anatomopathologic characteristics (location, histopathologic classification and gradation) of 233 Central Nervous System gliomas registered in the National Pediatric Neurosurgery Reference Center (Cuba), and to compare these results with other series from the literature.

Results: Gliomas represented 49,6 % of the total nervous system tumors diagnosed while collecting this series. The histopathologic gradation of the gliomas was: Grade I: 71, Grade II: 84, grades III: 64 and grade IV: 6. The histopathologic classification was: 107 grade I-II Astrocytoma; 51 grade III-IV Astrocytoma; 37 grade I-II Ependymoma; 21 grade III Ependymoma ; 7 grade II Oligodendroglioma; 3 grade II Oligoastrocytoma and 1 grade III Oligoastrocytoma. The locations of the gliomas were: 222 intracranial (127 supratentorial y 95 infratentorial) and 11 in the spinal cord. Male to female ratio was1.3:1.

Conclusions: Supratentorial gliomas were more frequent, different from other reported series. Pilocytic Astrocytoma was the more frequent glioma in this study.

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