Tuberculosis is a global public health problem. In pediatric ages it represents between 3% and 40% of the total disea- se. In countries with high incidence, such as Ecuador, the presence of cases of childhood tuberculosis always indicates the circulation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis or contact with an untreated patient or undiagnosed. In our country there is a high percentage of underdiagnosis of childhood tuberculosis and a lower burden than expected, mainly in children under 5 years of age. Meningeal tuberculosis is the most serious form of presentation of infection by M. tuberculosis in pediatric age since it causes many deaths and disability. The diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis is achieved considering epidemiological criteria, laboratory studies in blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and neuroimaging. Early treatment improves the prognosis, but the problem lies in making an early diagnosis, since it has different forms of clinical presentation ranging from nonspecific symptoms to severe neurological involvement.
Sistema nervioso central
Presentación de Mieloma Múltiple en Sistema Nervioso Central. Multiple Myeloma Presentation In Central Nervous System.
Multiple myeloma is a monoclonal gammopathy with proliferation of plasma cells. Its form of presentation is hypercalcemia, osteolytic lesions, anemia and renal failure. The involvement of the central nervous system is rare. It occurs approximately in 1% of patients, whose diagnosis is made through the study of cerebrospinal fluid, with the presence of plasma cells. There is no specific treatment due to the low incidence. But there have been good results with intrathecal treatment.
Leer artículo completo
Tumores de Sistema Nervioso Central en Pediatría: Presente y Futuro del Abordaje Diagnóstico. Central Nervous System Tumors In Pediatrics: Present And Future Of Diagnostic Approach.
Introduction: Central nervous system tumors are neoplasms with high frequency during childhood, with an incidence of 31,2 cases per million children, the most common being astrocytoma. These are the product of a combination of genetic and epigenetic factors that determine not only their appearance, but also their behavior and prognosis. The clinical presentation of these neoplasms ranges from the sudden and clear, to the gradual and ambiguous, which represents a barrier to carrying out an adequate approach and an early diagnosis. That is the reason to destinate many resources for evaluation and standarization of new diagnostic methods like tumor markers. Objective: To provide a clear review of central nervous system tumors and new perspectives in diagnosis. Methods: A search of the literature was carried out in databases using the descriptors central nervous system, neoplasms, astrocytoma. 25 articles were included in spanish and english. Conclusion: Central nervous system tumors have a significant relevance in the pediatric population. Their behavior and prognosis necessitate searching for new aids for an early diagnosis.
