Publicación Oficial de la Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Neurología, de la Liga Ecuatoriana Contra la Epilepsia y de la Sociedad Iberoamericana de Enfermedad Cerebrovascular

Desarrollo psicomotor

 

Desarrollo psicomotor y funciones ejecutivas en la primera infancia: Un enfoque interdisciplinario para la educación integral. Psychomotor development and executive functions in early childhood: An interdisciplinary approach to comprehensive education.

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Relación entre el desarrollo psicomotor y funciones ejecutivas en la primera infancia de niños/as de 3 a 5 años. Relationship between psychomotor development and executive functions in early childhood of children from 3 to 5 years old

Psychomotor development is understood as the maturation of the central nervous system, which progresses as the child goes through stages in a linear and systematized manner. In relation to executive functions, these are known as a series of mental processes that allow managing and coordinating thoughts, emotional responses, and behavior. The main objective of the research was to analyze the relationship between psychomotor development and executive functions in children between 3 and 5 years old. For this, a bi bliographical systematic review study was carried out on psychomotor development and executive functions in children aged 3 to 5 years in the last 10 years. Likewise, the Scielo database was considered, and the observation technique was used to extract the information and bibliographic records were manipulated as a data collection instrument. The findings found that psychomotor development and executive functions are related, given that they have a predictive value in certain child development deficits. It can be concluded that language, social development, and motor skills are associated with cognitive processes, such as inhibition and working memory. In this sense, it is considered relevant that, in this age range, given the early psychomotor development and executive functions, nursery educators must be trained in this subject so that they can generate early intervention plans adapted for the promotion and prevention of certain deficits in early childhood development.

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Relación del Estado Nutricional con el Desarrollo Cognitivo y Psicomotor de los Niños en la Primera Infancia. Relationship Between Nutritional Status And Cognitive And Psychomotor Development Of Children In Early Childhood.

Gestation, the first years of life and nutritional status are important role in physical, psychosocial, emotional and cognitive development in childhood and adolescence. Different investigations have found a relationship between nutritional status with better cognitive performance, although conversely, malnutrition in these stages can cause imbalances between nutritional needs that could lead to obesity or malnutrition and influence cognitive development. The aim of this article was to review the relationship between nutritional status and cognitive and psychomotor development of children in early childhood. The method was systematic review in the databases ProQuest, Redalyc, Science Direct and Scopus in the years 2013-2018. This article concludes that both the intellectual capacity and the development of fine and gross motor skills depend on the nutritional status of infants and therefore a relationship between nutrition and psychomotor and cognitive development is suggested.

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Desarrollo Psicomotor y Variables Medioambientales en Dos Poblaciones del Ecuador.

Objective: To determine the influence of some environmental variables associated with psychomotor development in children from an indigenous community and mestizo community in Ecuador. Material and methods: For the observation and measurement of variables were used EEDP scale and a registration form of environmental factors. Data was analyzed using logistic regression test. The methods of observation and measurement of variables through the EEDP scale and a registry of environmental factors were used. Data was analyzed through a logistic binary regression. X2 omnibus test was applied; the same statistician was estimated by the Hosmer-Lemeshow test with global adjustment. Also, it was estimated -2 log likelihood (-2LL) in order to check the veracity of the results, the Cox and Snell R2, Nagelkerke R2 and Wald statistic. Results: The findings indicate that some of the independent variables were related to motor development and coordination in the populations studied. Furthermore, it was found that breastfeeding and type of housing have influence in the social and language development of both populations.

Conclusions: Only some of the studied variables exert influence on psychomotor development of two populations: breastfeeding, age and housing type.

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