Publicación Oficial de la Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Neurología, de la Liga Ecuatoriana Contra la Epilepsia y de la Sociedad Iberoamericana de Enfermedad Cerebrovascular

Electroencephalography

 

Localización cerebral y actividad eléctrica del razonamiento abstracto mediante electroencefalografía cuantitativa: Una revisión sistemática. Brain localization and electrical activity of abstract reasoning using quantitative electroencephalography: A systematic review

Abstract reasoning is the ability to process and solve tasks by means of cognitive tools, based on analysis, synthesis, pattern recognition, among others, being classified as a characteristic of human intelligence. From neuropsychology it is important to know studies that have determined through neuroimaging techniques the location of the functional architecture of this cognitive ability. Therefore, the aim of this study is to identify brain areas and electrical activity using electroencephalography from abstract reasoning tasks. 

Through a systematic literature review based on the criteria of the PRISMA methodology, the academic databases PubMed, Sciencedirect, Scopus, Hinari, Dialnet, EBSCOhost were examined. The studies included in the review consist of articles from studies reviewed and published in the period 2016 to 2021. Ninety-six preliminary articles were identified, from which 16 studies were selected following the research inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results show that by performing different abstract reasoning tasks, synchronous neuronal interactions in the Theta-Alpha frequency range with main activation in frontal and parietal areas are observed by means of electroencephalography.

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Palabras clave: EEG, Electroencefalografía, inteligencia fluida, razonamiento, razonamiento abstracto,

Keywords: abstract reasoning, EEG, Electroencephalography, fluid intelligence, reasoning,

Utilidad del Video EEG en un Hospital Pediátrico de Nivel Terciario Durante el Año 2015. Utility Of Video EEG In A Pediatric Tertiary Hospital During 2015.

The aim was to evaluate the V-EEG usefulness in the differential diagnosis of epilepsy in a Third Level Children’s Hospital during 2015. Materials and Methods: A descriptive study was performed over 90 patients in this unit during 2015. The data was obtained from variables related to indications and results of V-EEG, which were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: Fifty three percent of the patients were male. The mean age was 7.7 years (SD ± 4.7 years). The time measured between the first seizure and the V-EEG recording was 4,3 years. Seventy two patients (80%) had epileptic seizures, 12 patients (13,3%) had nonepileptic seizures, while six children (6.7%) had no seizures during the V-EEG monitoring. Ninety three percent of all recordings were successful. Conclusions: It was demonstrated the usefulness of V-EEG monitoring for the differential diagnosis of epilepsy.

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Palabras clave: crisis epilépticas, Electroencefalografía, epilepsia en pediatría, trastornos paroxísticos no epilépticos, Video-electroencefalografía,

Keywords: Children, Electroencephalography, Epilepsy, nonepileptic seizures, Seizures, Video-Electroencephalography,

Estatus Epiléptico en Colombia: Análisis Descriptivo de Serie de Casos. Status Epilepticus In Colombia: A Case Series Descriptive Analysis.

Status Epilepticus (SE) is a neurological emergency that is by itself a syndrome defined according its clinical presentation and electroencephalographical manifestations, both highly variable. There aren’t any case series about this relatively common neurological emergency in Colombian indexed journals, for which a search for cases was performed in two neurological critical care institutions in the Colombian capital city in the period between 2011-2015. We describe demographical, diagnostic and therapeutic characteristics emphasizing in its clinical and paraclinical presentation, as the treatment applied according international guidelines. We found convulsive SE was three times more common that the non-convulsing time, 1.4 times more common in females that in males, more common in the pediatric group and less common in the geriatric group, the majority of this cases presented SE secondary to a congenital structural injury while adult and elder patients presented SE as a consequence of non-voluntary discontinuation of the therapy, and in 66% of the cases the SE described was not the first of its kind. The therapeutic regime applied corresponded to the stipulated in international guidelines in only 41.67%.

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Palabras clave: Electroencefalografía, Epilepsia, Estatus epiléptico, serie de casos,

Keywords: Case series, Electroencephalography, Epilepsy, Status Epilepticus,

Uso del Electroencefalograma en un Hospital de Tercer Nivel

Objective: To describe the EEG indications in Baca Ortiz Children Hospital and how they are related to the EEG results. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive study with a sample of 659 pediatric EEG records from March to June 2016. Data of variables related to EEG indications and EEG results were obtained, and it was done a descriptive statistics analysis. Results: Fifty-six percent of the patients were male. The mean age was 6.46 years. Seventy percent of EEG requests came from the Outpatient Area and 88.16% from Neurology as specialty. Fifty-six percent of indications were related to Epilepsy. Fifty-one percent of requests were inadequate, where Epilepsy had again the highest percentage, 24.13% of all indications or 47,04% or all inadequate indications. Eighty-one percent of the EEG results were abnormal. Conclusions: These results reflect that EEG was misused as a routine diagnostic method, even in Epilepsy.

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Palabras clave: Electrodiagnóstico, Electroencefalografía, Electrofisiología, neurofisiología, Técnicas de Diagnóstico Neurológico, Técnicas y Procedimientos Diagnósticos (DeCS),

Keywords: Diagnostic Techniques, Electrodiagnosis, Electroencephalography, Electrophysiology, Neurological Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures (MeSH), neurophysiology,
 
 
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