Publicación Oficial de la Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Neurología, de la Liga Ecuatoriana Contra la Epilepsia y de la Sociedad Iberoamericana de Enfermedad Cerebrovascular

memoria episódica

 

Memoria episódica evaluada a partir de estímulos neutros y emocionales en pacientes con antecedentes de trauma craneoencefálico y grupo control. Episodic memory evaluated from neutral and emotional stimuli in patients with a history of traumatic brain injury and a control group

Objective: To compare the performance in episodic memory evaluated with neutral and emotional stimuli in patients with a history of traumatic brain injury and a control group.

Method: This research had a non-experimental quantitative methodology, it was a quasi-experimental study of descriptive scope of comparison between groups; the group with a history was made up of 15 patients from the Hospital Universitario del Valle in the city of Cali, of which 8 were men and 7 women; the control group consisted of 15 participants: 5 men and 10 women. Episodic memory with emotional and neutral stimuli was assessed with the Auditory-Visual Emotional Memory Test and the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT), respectively.

Results: Statistically significant differences were found in most of the episodic memory subtests evaluated with neutral stimuli, at the level of storage, interference, short- and long-term memory, and semantic false positives; Regarding the memory evaluated with emotional stimuli, significant differences were identified in encoding and recall.

Conclusion: There is evidence of a lower performance of patients with TBI in memory storage with neutral stimuli, which influences their low score in recall, in relation to the emotional they present a lower performance in the ability to estimate the value or general emotional weight of the story, which seems to influence proper encoding.

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Memoria Episódica en las Etapas Preclínicas de la Enfermedad de Alzheimer Genética. Episodic Memory In The Preclinical Stages Of Genetic Alzheimer’s Disease

Introduction: Episodic memory (EM) allows us to recall events or lived experiences. EM is associated to the medial temporal lobe (MTL) activity, which has circuits integrated by different cortical association areas. EM impairment is the first symptom of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), which is explained by the abnormal beta amyloid (βA) and phosphorylated tau protein (PTF) deposition in the MTL.

Development: A review about EM components and its assessment is done, especially related to preclinical stages of genetic AD. The relationship of EM components to βA and TFP deposition and the activity of MTL networks, using positron emission tomography (PET) of the brain, particularly in asymptomatic members of families at genetic risk for early AD, caused by the E280A mutation in preseniline 1 (PSN1), is revised.

Conclusions: The reviewed studies trend to validate the hypothesis, which would suggest that EM allows us to consolidate and recalling lived subjective experiences, which also allows us learning from the past. EM has been assessed with verbal declarative memory tasks. The asymptomatic members, carrying the E280A PSN1 mutation for genetic AD, have showed lower scores than asymptomatic non carriers on these memory tasks, which significantly correlates to PET-amyloid and PET-tau of MTL signals, up to 20 years before dementia onset.

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