hemorragia

Subtipos de Enfermedad Cerebrovascular: Análisis del registro de la Unidad de Ictus del Hospital Clínica Kennedy.

The main goal of this study was to determine the relative incidence of the different subtypes of stroke in a group of people from Guayaquil, considered of a relatively high socioeconomic stratus, to establish a relationship that was previously proposed as a probable cause of the etiologic stroke subtype variation found in our city. We conducted a retrospective study, in which were identified 100 consecutive patients with acute first-ever stroke admitted to the stroke unit of Hospital-Clínica Kennedy. The results were: male prevalence (57% vs 43%), mean age of onset 70 years for infarcts and 54 years for hemorrhages. Sixtythree patients had a cerebral infarction and 37 had an intracranial hemorrhage. As conclusion, we found that this relatively high prevalence of hemorrhages were related to rupture of intracranial aneurysms, and that most infarcts were related to hypertensive vasculopathy. We also found that the main risk factors were arterial hypertension and cardiopathies (p<0.05). Is important to resolve the controversies that were provoke in the last years about onset variability in types and subtypes of stroke, for which more studies and further are required.

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Palabras clave: hemorragia, Ictus, variación de subtipos, vasculopatía hipertensiva,

Keywords: hemorrhages, hypertensive vasculopathy, stroke, subtype variation,

Epidemiología del Ictus entre los años 2007-2009 en el Hospital Regional Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo.

Objective: Determine the prevalence of the different epidemiological features and risk factors of stroke patients of the Regional Hospital Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo.

Methods:Cross-sectional study of 521 patients with diagnosis of stroke, admitted to the Neurology Service of the Social Security Hospital between the years 2007-2009. Data was recollected from the discharge notes and medical records. The measured variables were duration of hospital stay, diagnosis, mortality, non-modifiable risk factors, and modifiable risk factors. In case of hemorrhagic stroke variables that could represent its cause were also recollected.

Results: Most patients were males (70.5%), the most prevalent risk factors were hypertension (81.1%), diabetes mellitus (27%) and dyslipidemia (16.88%). The mean age was 67±13 years. There was an increased tendency of hypertension in males and of diabetes mellitus in females (p=0.45, p=0.17 respectively). There was a significant difference in the presence of coagulopathy (p=0.01), valvulopathy (p=0.04) and anticoagulant use (p=0.004) in females. Ischemic stroke represented the 80.9% and hemorrhagic stroke the 19.1% of cases.

Conclusions: These results are similar to those found in Latin American and North American publications. The correction of the most prevalent risk factors in our population would markedly decrease the incidence of this disabling disease.

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Palabras clave: epidemiología, evento cerebrovascular, hemorragia, isquemia,

Keywords: epidemiology, hemorrhage, ischemia, stroke,

Apoplexy of Rathke Cleft Cyst: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Symptomatic Rathke cleft cysts (RCCs) are rare sellar and suprasellar lesions, and apoplexy is one of the most unusual presentations. Only a few cases of hemorrhagic apoplexy of RCCs have been reported and their pathogenesis is still poorly understood. In order to present a diagnostic thread to reduce misdiagnosis rate preoperatively, we reported one case of RCC apoplexy and reviewed the associated published literature. we also summarized the clinicopathological relationship on clinical symptoms, imaging features and intraoperative visualization of intracystic content.