Publicación Oficial de la Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Neurología, de la Liga Ecuatoriana Contra la Epilepsia y de la Sociedad Iberoamericana de Enfermedad Cerebrovascular

proyecto atahualpa

 

Avances Recientes del Proyecto Atahualpa: Impacto en la Salud Pública Rural. Recent Advances Of The Atahualpa Project: Impact On Rural Public Health

The Atahualpa Project, since its inception, has made it possible to identify specific risk factors for the development of non-communicable diseases and to suggest public health strategies adapted to local needs.

Through detailed studies, it has been possible to gain a better understanding of the prevalence of these diseases and their impact on the community, which will undoubtedly translate into the implementation of more effective preventive measures. Recent findings have revealed risk patterns that were not previously considered relevant in these populations, such as the influence of dietary habits and the high social vulnerability of their inhabitants.

In addition, the project has demonstrated the importance of epidemiological studies in specific communities and has allowed the establishment of correlations between genetic and environmental factors. These data have opened new lines of research to better understand the interaction between genetics and epigenetics in the development of these pathologies.

Likewise, the Atahualpa Project has served as a model of how research can directly impact people’s quality of life, providing valuable information for the prevention of non-communicable diseases, which, according to the Pan American Health Organization, represent the new epidemics of Latin America.

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Palabras clave: proyecto atahualpa,

Keywords: Atahualpa, atahualpa project,

The Effect Modification Of Gender On The Relationship Between Neck Circumference And Obstructive Sleep Apnea In Stroke-Free Older Adults. Efecto Modificador Del Género en la Relación Entre la Circunferencia Del Cuello y la Presencia de Apnea Obstructiva de Sueño en Individuos Añosos Libres de Ictus

Background: Objectives: Studies attempting to assess the association between the neck circumference (NC) and the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) gave inconsistent results. We aimed to assess the effect modification of gender in the association between the NC and the AHI in stroke-free older adults living in Atahualpa (rural Ecuador).

Methods: The study included 190 stroke-free Atahualpa residents aged ≥60 years who underwent brain MRI, polysomnography, assessment of cardiovascular risk factors, the NC and nasal septum deflection.

Results: The mean age of the study population was 71.1±7.6 years, and 64% were women. The mean NC (37.4±2.6 versus 34±2.5 cm; p<0.001) as well as the mean AHI (14.4±14.5 versus 10.5±11.1 episodes per hour; p=0.039) were greater in men than in women. A fully-adjusted generalized linear model showed significant main effects for NC, gender, and a significant interaction between gender and NC over the AHI (dependent variable). Average AHI increased significantly as NC enlarged, but this change was different in men and women. Men started with lower AHI margins at the 10th percentile of the NC, and while both significantly increased, men had a much larger rate of change in the average AHI. Therefore, at the 90th percentile of NC, men had a larger average AHI than women.

Conclusions: This study shows a significant effect modification of gender in the association between NC and AHI. Differences in cervical fat tissue distribution between men and women probably accounted for such effect.

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Palabras clave: Circunferencia del cuello, género, Índice apnea-hipopnea, proyecto atahualpa,

Keywords: Apnea-hypopnea index, Gender, Neck circumference, The Atahualpa Project,

Intracranial Atherosclerosis And The Earlobe Crease (Frank’s Sign). A Population Study. Aterosclerosis Intracraneal y Pliegue Auricular (Signo De Frank). Estudio Poblacional.

Background: The earlobe crease (ELC) has been linked to coronary artery disease and other vascular conditions, but there is no information on its association with intracranial atherosclerosis. Objective: This study aimed to assess the association between high calcium content in the carotid siphons (as a surrogate of intracranial atherosclerosis) and ELC in communitydwelling adults living in rural Ecuador. Methods: Atahualpa residents aged ≥40 years underwent head CT to estimate calcium content in the carotid siphons, and visual inspection of both earlobes to evaluate the presence of ELC. The association between both variables was assessed by logistic regression models, after adjusting for demographics and cardiovascular risk factors. Results: Of 651 enrolled individuals (mean age: 59.7±12.8 years; 54% women), 225 (35%) had ELC, and 143 (22%) had high calcium content in the carotid siphons. Univariate logistic regression showed a borderline (non-significant) association between high calcium content in the carotid siphons and ELC presence (OR: 1.44; 95% C.I.: 0.99 – 2.12; p=0.057), which disappeared when age (OR: 0.98; 95% C.I.: 0.65 – 1.48; p=0.923) and other covariables (OR: 0.97; 95% C.I.: 0.63 – 1.49; p=0.890) were added to the model. Conclusion: This population study shows no association between high calcium content in the carotid siphons and ELC presence.

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Palabras clave: aterosclerosis intracraneal, calcificaciones de sifón carotídeo, estudio poblacional, Pliegue auricular, proyecto atahualpa,

Keywords: atahualpa project, carotid siphon calcifications, Earlobe crease, intracranial atherosclerosis, population-based study,

Publicar Desde América Latina. ¿Hay un Grado de Dificultad Mayor? Experiencia del Proyecto Atahualpa. Publishing From Latin America. Is There A Greater Degree Of Difficulty? The Atahualpa Project Experience.

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Palabras clave: america latina, proyecto atahualpa,

 
 
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