The association between meningioangiomatosis (MA) with focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) has been scarcely published. We present the case of 15-year-old adolescent suffering 10 years evolving drug-resistant epilepsy without history of neurofibromatosis. Magnetic Resonance Image showed an increase in the volume of the hippocampus and the right parahippocampal region. The lesion was considered as a possible tumor. A right temporal lobectomy, guided by trans-surgical electrocorticography (EcoG) was performed. Histology of the resected tissue evidenced a FCD type IIIc (MA mainly vascular associated to FCD). The patient has been seizure free (according to the Engel IA scale) after 4 years of post-surgical evolution. When MA is suspected, we recommend trans-surgical ECoG considering the possible association with FCD in the surrounding neocortex. It could increase the incidence and knowledge about these two lesions. The histological study provides the definitive diagnosis.
Cirugía de epilepsia
Meningioangiomatosis y displasia cortical focal. Meningioangiomatosis and focal cortical dysplasia
Abordaje prequirúrgico en epilepsia de difícil control. Presurgical approach in drug-resistant epilepsy
Epilepsy is one of the main reasons for consultation in general neurology. It is a highly prevalent pathology, with a high impact on the quality of life of these patients. There is a percentage of drug resistance between 30% and 40% of epilepsy cases, and therefore it is very important to know the surgical alternative, as well as the importance of a timely and prompt referral to a specialized surgery center of epilepsy given the high possibility of seizure remission or improvement towards less disabling seizures, with a notable improvement in quality of life. The evaluation process of a patient with drug-resistant focal epilepsy who is a candidate for epilepsy surgery is based on a set of non-invasive diagnostic techniques. The evaluation process is based on the seizure locating semiology, an adequate protocol for the imaging study, electroencephalogram, and interictal and ictal video-monitoring, and neuropsychological evaluation in all cases, and in other functional studies such as computed tomography are necessary, ictal and interictal single-photon emission, positron emission tomography, and also invasive monitoring techniques, through which it is possible to proceed to surgery. A review of the literature is made.
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Neuronavegación en la Planificación Prequirúrgica y en la Cirugía de la Epilepsia Refractaria. Neuronavigation In Pre Surgical Planning And Surgery Of Refractory Epilepsy.
Epilepsy is one of the more frequent neurologic disorders, with an incidence of 50/100,000/year and prevalence between 0.5 and 2% worldwide. A third of these patients suffer focal epilepsy due to epileptogenic lesions evident by neuroimaging new techniques. Epilepsy surgery is the only treatment that can cure refractory epilepsy. Its goal is to remove the epileptogenic lesion with preservation of eloquent areas, and in this case both surgical experience and neuroimaging technology play a pivotal role. Objective. To demonstrate utility of neuronavigation in presurgical planning and surgery of refractory epilepsy. Method. Descriptive, cross sectional and analytic study of 47 performed surgeries (12 resective, 12 palliative and 3 diagnostic) in patients with refractory epilepsy with an average age of 9.93 years (SD 4.1). In 27 patients (57.44%) neuronavigation was used. In patients operated with assistance of neuronavigation, surgical time diminished in 47.17 minutes (p=0.022), hemorrhage in 111.41 ml (p=0.011) and days of hospitalization in 6.68 days (p=0.005) comparing with group without neuronavigation. Complications in the group with neuronavigation were 29.63% compared with 65% in the group without it. (P=0,034). Conclusions. In this study, using neuronavigation in planning and performing surgery in reducing the amount of blood loss, surgical time, days of hospitalization and post surgical complications.
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La evaluación neuropsicológica en la Cirugía de Epilepsia.
Since the decade of the sixties objective systems of evaluation of the superior functions have been developed with the purpose of being able to establish the cognitive state from the patients candidates to epilepsy surgery, for that, the neuropsychological evaluation is made by means of the use of suitable instruments that allows to identify the cerebral dysfunction and taking into account the following aspects: a) to establish the global cognitive state, b) to guide in the lateralization of the cerebral dysfunction, c) to predict the risk of deterioration or cognitive improvement, with base in the preserved functions and in the altered functions, and d) after the surgery, to describe the patient’s cognitive state by means of periodic evaluations, with the purpose of having an evolutionary control of the neuropsychological functioning, providing in a precise and integrated way the effects that the surgical intervention produces in the cognitive functioning of the patients. The neuropsychological evaluation is an integrated process that requires of several hours to be completed, for that, it is important that this is carried out without the previous knowledge of the discoveries of image and/or electroencephalographic methods, since this could slant the exploration and the results, when it is not possible the identification of other possible cognitive alterations, or, one runs the risk of supposing the existence of cerebral pathology where there is not. In this article the theoretical-methodological aspects of the neuropsychological exploration are described in the area of epilepsy surgery.
