agenesia

Agenesia de la Arteria Carótida Interna: Presentación de dos Casos y Revisión de la Literatura. Agenesis Of The Internal Carotid Artery: Presentation Of Two Cases And Review Of The Literature.

Introduction: Two cases of patients with left internal carotid artery agenesis are presented, the first case with symptoms of open angle glaucoma and ipsilateral cataract and the second case of a patient with tension headache, as well as a review of the literature due to the Low frequency of this development anomaly.

Clinical cases: case 1, A 66-year-old woman with visual disorders associated with cataract and glaucoma in whom, due to suspicion of a carotid fistula, a left internal carotid agenesis was documented, with collaterality through the posterior system, case 2, patient A 58-year-old man with tension headache underwent an MRI where the agenesis of the left carotid artery, segments from C3 to C7, was documented.

Conclusion: Abnormalities in the development of the carotid system occur early in embryogenesis. In relation to the moment in which the alteration occurs, different circulatory patterns have been described. It is possible that the presence of collateral circulation is the reason that the majority of cases are reported asymptomatic from the vascular neurological point of view. Despite being a rare entity, it must be known in order to differentiate it from other conditions and monitor the appearance of associated complications.

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Palabras clave: agenesia, carótida,

Keywords: agenesis, carotid, left,

Hipoplasia-agenesia de la arteria carótida interna.

Hypoplasia of the internal carotid artery is an infrequent congenital anomaly, rarely reported by medical literature. We report a case of stroke in the left medium cerebral artery territory, in which an agenesia-hypoplasia of the right carotid artery was diagnosed. After performing a doppler echography, the following findings led to suspect it: a significant difference between the flow speeds of the internal carotid arteries through continuous doppler study on the hypoplastic side through the submandibular window; an early disappearance of the spectrum; and the persistence of an invariable blood flow in the medium cerebral artery on the hypoplastic side when compressing the common carotid artery. With the study of the multi-slice helicoidal computerized tomography, the diagnosis was confirmed corroborating the existence of hypoplasia of the carotid hole in the skull base. Agenesia was also found in the distal portion of the internal carotid artery. The left medium cerebral artery was supplied by the basilar artery through the posterior communicating artery. The relationship with the stroke seems to be casual as shown by the characteristics of neuroimaging.