Among autoimmune diseases, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) stands out. This disease is characterized by the involvement of several organs and systems, including the central nervous system, in which it produces various complications, some rare or documented in the literature, which makes its diagnosis difficult, resulting in delays for its treatment. Many of these complications occur after the initial diagnosis of SLE; for that reason, a neurological evaluation is recommended in the followup of patients with SLE.