Fat embolism syndrome is a potentially catastrophic complication of long-bone fractures. The classic triad of symptoms are petechial skin rashes, hypoxemia, and neurological abnormalities, which usually occur within 24 to 72 hours after the fracture. The respiratory component occurs in practically all of the reports. We present the case of a patient with post traumatic fat embolism with predominant neurological symptoms, without respiratory involvement in the absence of patent foramen ovale.
Patent Foramen Ovale
Foramen Oval Permeable, un Diagnóstico Posible en Manos del Neurólogo. Descripción de Caso. Patent Foramen Ovale, A Possible Diagnosis From The Neurologist. Case Report.
Introduction: A high prevalence of atrial septal defects is reported in patients with cryptogenic ischemic stroke, also related to an increase of the risk of recurrence. Objective: To report case of a young patient with a history of diabetes mellitus and ischemic stroke without arterial changes proven. A transcraneal Doppler study with a bubble test helped to diagnose a patent foramen ovale. Conclusion: As part of the initial evaluation of this patient, a TCD study has helped to clarify the stroke etiology. The demonstration of a patent foramen ovale has implications fo r the secondary prevention of stroke.
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Utilidad del doppler transcraneal en la evaluación del stroke criptogénico.
Cryptogenic stroke accounts for 40% of patients with ischemic stroke and it is considered that in which after conducting a thorough investigation, a cause cannot be determined. For several years there has been a close association between cryptogenic stroke and paradoxical embolism through right-to-left shunt, which occurred specially in patients with patent foramen ovale (PFO), whose prevalence is significantly higher in patients with cryptogenic stroke than in patients with stroke of a definite cause. The study of this type of cardiac abnormalities has been strengthened today with the advent of new technologies including transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) which remains the gold standard in the diagnosis of PFO, however, there are increasing reports of the usefulness of transcraneal doppler in the evaluation of these patients in a way that makes its recommendation comparable to TEE. This review is intended to expand the knowledge available on this specific procedure according to the current existing evidence.
