Patients receiving anticoagulation and those with traumatic cranial lesions are at increased risk of hemorrhagic phenomena at the intracranial level. Mortality in this class of patients is high, which makes them a population that deserves a careful approach and follow-up. Usually the patients we observe in emergency services are mild cranial traumas but the evolution of the anticoagulated patient in some cases is unpredictable. Currently, several studies have been published in relation to anticoagulation and traumatic brain injury. We present a concise review of the literature focused on neurologists and neurosurgeons.