Epilepsy is one of the most common chronic neurological conditions in children and adults. The lifetime risk of developing epilepsy is 3.2%. In this review article we suggest how to apply a safety protocol for the surgical treatment of antiepileptic drugs resistant patients. We review who the ideal candidate for a pre-surgical evaluation is and when to do it; how to do it, using clinical, physiological, imaging and neuro-cognitive biomarkers in order to achieve medical benefit from epilepsy surgery; why patients should go and receive a surgical evaluation. Finally we review the current concepts of drug resistant epilepsy and the surgical intervention benefit/risk relationship.